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Spanish Grammar in Context

A reference grammar with video examples from the Spanish in Texas collection

  • Credits
  • Index
  • About
  • Home
  • Adjectives
    • Introduction to Adjectives
    • Adjectives – Formation and Placement
    • Comparisons and Superlatives with Adjectives
    • Past Participles as Adjectives
    • Todo
    • Indefinite Adjectives
    • Adjectives Practice
  • Adverbs
    • Introduction to Adverbs
    • Adverbs – Formation and Placement
    • Comparative Adverbs
    • Adverbs Practice
  • Conjunctions
    • Introduction to Conjunctions
    • Coordinating Conjunctions
    • Subordinating Conjunctions
    • Conjunctions Practice
  • Determiners
    • Introduction to Determiners
    • Definite Articles
    • Indefinite Articles
    • Possessive Determiners
    • Demonstrative Determiners
    • Expressions of Quantity
    • Determiners Practice
  • Negation
    • Introduction to Negation
    • Basic Negation: No
    • Alternate Forms of Negation
    • One-word Negative Sentences
    • Negation Practice
  • Nouns
    • Introduction to Nouns
    • Nouns – Number
    • Nouns – Gender
    • Nouns Practice
  • Prepositions
    • Introduction to Prepositions
    • Common Prepositions
    • Por vs. Para
    • Prepositions Practice
  • Pronouns
    • Introduction to Pronouns
    • Subject Pronouns
    • Direct Object Pronouns
    • Indirect Object Pronouns
    • Reflexive Pronouns
    • Order of Object Pronouns
    • Relative Pronouns
    • Indefinite Pronouns
    • Demonstrative Pronouns
    • Possessive Pronouns
    • Pronouns Practice
  • Verbs
    • Introduction to Verbs
    • Tense/Mood
    • Introduction to Present Tense
      • -ar Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
      • -er Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
      • -ir Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
    • Ser “To Be”
    • Haber “To Have”
    • Reflexive Verbs
    • Preterit
    • Present Perfect
    • Imperfect
    • Narration: Preterit vs. Imperfect
    • Pluperfect
    • Future
    • Conditional
    • Past Conditional
    • Imperative Mood (commands)
    • Introduction to Subjunctive
      • Subjunctive – Present
      • Subjunctive – Past or Imperfect
      • Subjunctive – Present Perfect
      • Subjunctive – Pluperfect
      • Tense Sequences
    • Si Clauses (If Clauses)
    • Indirect Speech
      • Indirect Speech – Present
      • Indirect Speech – Past
    • Passive Voice
    • Language Contact
    • Verbs Practice
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    Practice quizzes: pronouns

    Reflexive Pronouns

      singular plural
    1st person me myself nos ourselves
    2nd person te yourself  
    3rd person se himself/herself/yourself formal  se themselves/yourself plural

    Description

    Reflexive pronouns are used with a verb to indicate that a person performs an action to or for him/herself. In other words, the subject of the verb and the direct object of the verb are the same person. Therefore, reflexive pronouns match the subject of the verb. For example, in the sentence below, the person tú is the subject of levantar and bañar and is receiving these actions as well, as the object te. 

    En la mañana te levantabas y te levantabas a bañarte al río.
    In the morning you got up and you got up to bathe (yourself) in the river.

    Compare with the following non-reflexive use of levantar. Here Alma is being lifting up by someone else so she is the direct object me of the verb levantar.

    Me amarraron muy fuerte para que no regara el veneno a mi cuerpo y me levantaron, inmediatamente para el hospital.
    They tied me tightly so that poison wouldn’t flow through my body and they lifted me up, immediately for the hospital.

    You might notice how in the translation we don’t always find a reflexive pronoun in English (ex. myself, yourself). That is because Spanish uses reflexive verbs much more frequently than English. You can read more about when reflexive verbs are used and how they compare to English on the reflexive verb page.

    Placement

    There are two places where reflexive pronouns can be placed.

    1. Before a conjugated verb
    2. Attached to the end of the verb, ONLY IF the verb is not conjugated, such as infinitives or gerunds or if the verb is an affirmative informal command.

    In the following example, the reflexive pronoun me is placed before the conjugated verbs: podía, quedé, movía. 

    Encontré muchísimos soldados y pues, yo no me podía mover, sólo me quedé parada, porque si me movía, pues no había espacio para que ellos caminaran.
    I came across tons of soldiers and well I couldn’t move. I just remained standing because if I moved there wouldn’t be enough space for them to walk.

    In following example, the reflexive pronoun me, is found attached to the infinitives bañar and marear and before the conjugated verb metí and arrastré.

    Me metí a bañarme y pues acabé de bañarme, pero empecé a marearme muy feo y entonces me arrastré hacia la puerta.
    I got in to take a bath and I finished bathing but I started to get really dizzy and then I dragged myself to the door.

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